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이벤트 기반 자율 액적 제어 시스템 개발(Development of an Event-Driven Autonomous Droplet Control System)
작성자 대외홍보센터 작성일 2026-06-17
조회수 115
작성자,작성일,첨부파일,조회수로 작성된 표
이벤트 기반 자율 액적 제어 시스템 개발(Development of an Event-Driven Autonomous Droplet Control System)
대외홍보센터 2026-06-17 115

국립부경대 연구팀, 이벤트 기반 자율 액적 제어 시스템 개발
- 세계적 국제학술지 'Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical' 게재
- CCEP 기반 3차원 세포배양 자동화 플랫폼 기반 확보

△ 연구 이미지. 인큐베이션 환경에서 SEDAR CCEP 시스템의 원격 작동 및 액적 제어.

 

국립부경대학교 임도진 교수(화학공학과) 연구팀이 액적(미세 방울)의 상태를 인식해 자동으로 동작하는 이벤트 기반 자율 액적 제어 시스템(SEDAR)을 개발했다. 

접촉 전하 전기영동(CCEP) 기반 디지털 미세유체 기술은 액적을 정밀하게 이동·제어할 수 있어 세포배양, 바이오 분석 및 자동화 플랫폼 분야에 활용할 수 있는 높은 잠재력을 가진 기술이다. 그러나 기존 시스템은 고전압 전원장치, 컴퓨터, 카메라 등 다양한 외부 장비에 의존하는 연구실 중심 플랫폼으로 구축돼 실제 세포배양 환경에서의 장기 운용과 자동화에 한계가 있었다.

연구팀은 휴대용 배터리, 고전압 승압 모듈, 라즈베리 파이 기반 제어 시스템, 카메라 및 통신 기능을 하나의 장치에 통합한 ‘Self-contained CCEP’ 플랫폼을 개발했다. 이를 통해 별도의 외부 장비 없이 독립적으로 운용할 수 있는 휴대형 시스템을 구현하고, 실제 세포배양 인큐베이터 내부에서도 장시간 안정적으로 작동하는 것을 확인했다. 또한 원격 모니터링 기능을 통해 인큐베이터를 개방하지 않고도 액적 내 세포 상태를 실시간으로 확인하고 제어할 수 있음을 검증했다.

연구팀은 앞서 개발한 범용 액적 제어 알고리즘 ‘L-SPAA’를 기반으로 액적 상태를 인식하고 이에 따라 자동으로 동작하는 ‘Event-driven Routing’ 기능을 구현했다. 영상 분석 기술을 이용해 액적 내부의 색 변화와 입자 존재 여부를 실시간으로 인식하고, 그 결과에 따라 액적 이동 경로를 자동으로 변경할 수 있음을 확인했다. 또한 스페로이드가 포함된 액적을 자동으로 선별·수집하는 데도 성공했다.

이번 연구는 ‘Self-contained CCEP’ 플랫폼과 ‘Event-driven Routing’ 기술을 하나의 시스템으로 통합함으로써 디지털 미세유체 기술의 활용 범위를 크게 확장했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 특히 향후 액적 분주, 배양액 교체, 시료 선별 및 회수 기능이 추가될 경우 오가노이드 및 스페로이드 기반 3차원 세포배양 자동화 플랫폼으로 발전할 수 있는 기반을 마련했다.

이번 논문의 제1저자인 배서준 박사후연구원은 “기존 L-SPAA가 액적을 효율적으로 이동시키기 위한 제어 기술이었다면, 이번 연구에서 개발한 SEDAR는 인큐베이터 내부에서 독립적으로 운용되면서 액적 상태에 따라 작업을 수행할 수 있는 자율형 플랫폼”이라며, “이번 연구를 통해 개별적으로 축적되어 온 액적 제어, 배양액 처리 및 시료 회수 기술들을 하나의 시스템으로 연결할 수 있는 통합 운용 플랫폼의 토대를 마련했으며, 향후 오가노이드 및 스페로이드 기반 3차원 세포배양 전 과정을 자동화하는 통합 플랫폼으로 확장해 나갈 계획”이라고 밝혔다.

이 연구 성과를 담은 논문 ‘A Self-Contained Event-Driven Autonomous Routing (SEDAR) CCEP System for Droplet 3D Cell Culture’는 기기 및 계측(Instruments & Instrumentation) 분야 JCR 상위 2% 이내의 세계적 국제학술지 'Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical'(IF 7.7)에 게재됐다.

임도진 교수 연구팀은 한국연구재단의 지원(RS-2026-25477068)을 받아 이번 연구를 수행했다. <부경투데이>

 

PKNU Research Team Develops Event-Driven Autonomous Droplet Control System

- Research Published in the Prestigious International Journal Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical

Establishes a Foundation for a CCEP-Based Automated 3D Cell Culture Platform

 

A research team led by Professor Do-Jin Lim of the Department of Chemical Engineering at Pukyong National University has developed SEDAR (Self-Evolving Droplet Autonomous Regulation), an event-driven autonomous droplet control system capable of recognizing the state of microscopic droplets and automatically responding without external intervention.

 

Contact Charge Electrophoresis (CCEP)-based digital microfluidic technology has attracted significant attention because it enables the precise movement and manipulation of droplets, offering considerable potential for applications in cell culture, bioanalysis, and laboratory automation platforms. However, conventional systems have largely been confined to laboratory environments, relying on a range of external equipment such as high-voltage power supplies, computers, and cameras. As a result, they have faced limitations in long-term operation and full automation under practical cell-culture conditions.

 

The research team developed a ‘self-contained CCEP’ platform that integrates a portable battery, high-voltage boost module, Raspberry Pibased control system, camera, and wireless communication functions into a single device. Using this platform, the researchers successfully implemented a portable system capable of operating independently without the need for external equipment and confirmed that it could function stably for extended periods even inside a cell-culture incubator. The team also verified that the system’s remote monitoring capability enables real-time observation and control of cellular conditions within droplets without opening the incubator.

 

Building on their previously developed L-SPAA, a universal droplet-control algorithm, the researchers implemented an event-driven routing function that recognizes the state of droplets and automatically responds accordingly. By employing image-analysis technology, the system was able to identify color changes and the presence of particles within droplets in real time and automatically alter droplet movement paths based on the detected conditions. In addition, the team successfully demonstrated the automatic sorting and collection of droplets containing spheroids, further highlighting the platform’s potential for autonomous biological and biomedical applications.

 

This study is significant in that it greatly expands the potential applications of digital microfluidic technology by integrating the ‘Self-contained CCEP’ platform and ‘Event-driven Routing’ technology into a single system. In particular, the platform provides a foundation for the future development of an automated three-dimensional (3D) cell culture platform based on organoids and spheroids. The researchers noted that the addition of functions such as droplet dispensing, culture medium replacement, and sample sorting and retrieval could further advance the system toward fully automated 3D cell-culture applications.

 

Dr. Seo-Jun Bae, the first author of the study and a postdoctoral researcher, explained, “While the previously developed L-SPAA was a control technology designed to move droplets efficiently, SEDAR is an autonomous platform capable of operating independently within an incubator and performing tasks based on the state of individual droplets.” He added, “Through this research, we have established the foundation for an integrated operational platform that connects droplet-control, culture-medium handling, and sample-recovery technologies, which had previously been developed separately. Moving forward, we plan to expand the system into a comprehensive platform capable of automating the entire process of organoid- and spheroid-based three-dimensional cell culture.”

 

The research findings were published in Sensors & Actuators B: Chemical (Impact Factor: 7.7), a globally recognized international journal ranked within the top 2% of the JCR category for Instruments & Instrumentation, under the title “A Self-Contained Event-Driven Autonomous Routing (SEDAR) CCEP System for Droplet 3D Cell Culture.”

 

The research team led by Professor Do-Jin Lim carried out this study with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under grant number RS-2026-25477068.