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Prof. Ko Min-Seong proposed new synthesis method for cathode material- published in
Identifying the paradoxical 'quantum scar mode' that keeps stable even in unstable quantum chaos- joint research result of PKNU, Hanyang university, and the IBS A joint research team from Pukyong National University, Hanyang university, and the Institute for basic science (IBS) succeeded in identifying the paradoxical 'quantum scar mode', which states that a stable state exists in photonic crystal quantum chaos for the first time. The joint research team of professor Park Hee-Chul (Physics) from Pukyong National University, professor Park Moon-Jip (physics) from Hanyang university, and doctor Lee Chang-Hwan from the physics of complex systems group in IBS, recently published a thesis titled ‘Bloch theorem dictated wave chaos in microcavity crystals’ in an international journal in the field of optics. It is common knowledge in physics that an object with high potential energy falls to a more stable position, but it can be distinguished by two states: a stable fixed point where the object balances forces and does not move, and an unstable fixed point where force balance is broken even if it is slightly out of position. On the other hand, this common sense can be defied in quantum mechanics. It has been suggested that particles can be stably located even at unstable fixed points due to interference caused by the duality of particles and waves. Such an interesting quantum state is called the 'quantum scar mode'. If a stable quantum scar mode can be implemented in a complex quantum chaotic structure even with external interference, it can be widely used in quantum technology such as quantum sensing. For this reason, attempts to implement a quantum scar state by confining photons to an unstable fixed point inside a micro-resonator are continuing in the physics world. Pukyong National University and the research team theoretically identified the existence of a quantum scar mode in a photonic crystal in which several resonators are arranged in a lattice structure. Focusing on the fact that the movement of light can be effectively controlled using photonic crystals in which multiple resonators interact, the research team proposed a new platform that can control the dynamic localization of chaotic states in an array of resonators by combining chaos and periodicity. Although the quantum scar mode has been proposed in a single resonator in the academia, this is the first time that it has been proposed in a photonic crystal structure in which multiple resonators are connected. Professor Park Hee-Chul said, "The fusion of quantum chaos and spatial regularity, which is the core of this research, is a method to effectively control quantum chaos. Through this, I see that it can be a window to look into and control quantum in the classical world, and I expect that it will be a new quantum platform that is widely used in quantum technology."
Developed carbon dots for UV-light sensing that measures UV rays with ‘a single film’- Professor Yang Hyun-Kyung A film-type UV sensor that can detect both the UV index and the cumulative amount of UV exposure has been developed and is attracting attention from the academic world. It is 'carbon quantum dots for UV-light sensing' recently developed by professor Yang Hyun-Kyung (dept. of electrical, electronics and software engineering, the BrainKorea 21 Four) and research professor Park Jin-Young (dept. of electrical, electronics and software engineering) from Pukyong National University. Ultraviolet rays are an essential element for producing vitamin D in the human body while exposed to the skin, but excessive exposure causes skin aging, melanoma, or burns, so ultraviolet rays are used in various fields such as medical and sports. Existing UV meters on the market require sophisticated systems such as amplifiers and are expensive and have low portability due to complicated assembly processes. There is a problem in that the cumulative amount of UV exposure cannot be intuitively checked. The team of professor Yang produced a film that detects ultraviolet rays using carbon quantum dots, a nano material made of carbon particles. As a result of the experiment, this film showed the effect of changing color differently according to the cumulative amount of UV exposure, and the speed of film color change according to the intensity of the exposed UV light. Using this 'UV sensor using carbon quantum dots', it is very attractive that the UV index and cumulative UV exposure can be intuitively monitored. It is also a great advantage of this sensor that it can be manufactured at low cost because it does not require the construction of an amplifier or system. Professor Yang said, "This sensor is highly portable in that it can be manufactured in various forms as well as film form, and is also very inexpensive, so I expect that it will be widely applied in real life." Professor Yang applied for a patent (domestic/PCT/USA) for this research result, and the paper 'photobleach effect of multi-color emitting carbon dots for UV-light sensing' containing the research result was recently published in the international journal
Prof. Lee Bo-Ram won the ‘2023 Busan science and technology award’- selected for the ‘science prize’ worth 10 million won … recognized for research achievements on next-generation semiconductor displays Professor Lee Bo-Ram (dept. of physics) from Pukyong National University was selected as the recipient of the science prize at the Busan science and technology awards of 2023. The Busan science and technology award, which is recognized for its authority in the scientific community, has been awarded every year since 2002 by the Busan city and the Federation of Busan science and technology to lead the development of science and technology. The cash prize for the science award is 10 million won. Professor Lee Bo-Ram took honor with this year's award in recognition of her outstanding research achievements in the field of next-generation semiconductor display development. She is receiving attention as a world-class scientist by publishing SCI (science and technology citation index) level research papers including the development of the world's most efficient red perovskite light emitting device and the publication of research results on securing color stability in , one of the world's top three scientific journals. Professor Lee, who was appointed to Pukyong National University in 2017, has been intensively conducting research on efficiency and stability improvements in the field of next-generation semiconductor displays, raising the possibility of commercialization of this display. She serves as the research director of BrainLink, which is hosted by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea, and conducts research projects with Cambridge University and Oxford University in the UK, contributing to the growth of young scientists in Busan into competitive researchers on the global stage. She said, “I was able to receive this award because Pukyong National University created a foundation for professors to concentrate on research and actively supported it,” she added, “I will continue to pay attention to the development of next-generation and display technologies, the balanced development of local industries, and the development of new industrial technologies of the country.” The Busan science and technology award ceremony of 2023 will be held on April 22 at 10:00 am at the opening ceremony of the Busan science festival, exhibition hall #1, Bexco, Haeundae.
대외협력과 (2023-05-30)조회수 19Prof. Oh Pil-Gun proposes research results on securing stability of lithium secondary batteries- his paper published on , an international journal of materials Pukyong National University announced that professor Oh Pil-Gun’s (dept. of nanotechnology engineering) research team recently published a study on the coating method for securing the stability of lithium secondary batteries in (Wiley, IF 15.153), a world-renowned academic journal of materials. In this study conducted by professor Oh Pil-Gun at Pukyong National University with phd student Embleton Tom James (UK), he presented the results of a coating study for stabilization of the surface of Ni (nickel)-based layered anode material, and the results of the research were recognized by the academic community. As the market for large-sized lithium secondary batteries has recently expanded, research to secure deterioration stability of lithium secondary battery cathode materials according to high-capacity characteristics, aiming at high energy and high stability, is a major concern. Ni (nickel)-based layered cathode materials are mostly used in lithium secondary batteries currently, this cathode material reacts with carbon dioxide and moisture in the atmosphere to deteriorate the surface structure and form residual lithium, which causes problems that decrease the capacity and lifespan of the secondary battery. Professor Oh Pil-Gun's research team applied a coating process to the surface of the anode material to prevent direct contact between the material and the electrolytes, thereby imparting electrochemical and physical stability. As a result of the study, it was found that the cathode material subjected to the coating process not only withstands exposure to high-temperature and high-humidity environments, but also minimizes material deterioration during the storage and transportation of high-nickel cathode materials and the manufacturing process of secondary batteries at industrial sites. Professor Oh Pil-Gun said, “This study is meaningful as a study that maximizes the performance of previously commercially available cathode materials. In this field, I believe that investment from the government and companies is also needed for research on converting current secondary particle-type materials into single particles and direct recycling research that heat-treats and reuses waste anode materials.” As for this research, it is carried out with the support of the National research foundation of Korea's basic research lab project, which was selected in 2020 by professor Oh Pil-Gun's research team, and the project, ‘development of waste anode upcycling remanufacturing innovation technology for low-carbon circulation’ managed by the Korea institute of energy technology evaluation and planning, which started in 2022.
대외협력과 (2023-05-04)조회수 113A review article by research team with prof. Lee Bo-Ram from PKNU appeared on the cover of , an international science journal- research on development strategies for performance improvement of next-generation display ‘Perovskite LEDs’△ The cover of , dated February 15th, featuring an image from a review article by prof. Lee Bo-Ram’s team.Professor Lee Bo-Ram (Dept. of physics) and her research team from Pukyong National University published a review article on the cover of (IF=46.048), an international science journal, drawing attention from the academic world. is a journal in the energy field with the highest citation index (IF) among the sister journals of , known as one of the world's top three journals along with and . The cover of this journal, dated February 15th, was covered by the research team of professor Lee Bo-Ram’s review article, ‘Passivation strategies for mitigating defect challenges in halide perovskite light-emitting diodes’. The research team is made up with great scholars such as professor Lee Bo-Ram and dr. Xinyu Shen from Pukyong National University, professor Kang Kee-Hoon from Seoul National University, professors Richard H. Friend and Samuele D. Stranks from university of Cambridge in England, and professor Henry J. Snaith from university of Oxford. In this paper, the research team presents problems and solutions to be overcome in current research on perovskite LEDs, and promotes research on the development of perovskite LEDs that maintain high efficiency and high stability. Especially, various previously reported defect passivation strategies are systematically reviewed, summarized, and presented through four basic principles (ionic bonding, coordinate covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, and core-shell structure) and their synergistic multiple combinations. Metal halide perovskite (MHP) is a material with great potential for next-generation display applications due to its high color purity and high photoluminescence quantum yield. Perovskite materials are known to have higher defect tolerance than conventional semiconductor materials, but in fact, various defects occur in the process of thinning perovskite materials. In addition, defects occur on multilayer between the electron transport layer and the perovskite material, which limits the device performance of LEDs. To prevent device performance degradation, many researchers have continuously improved the performance of perovskite LEDs through various defect passivation strategies, and currently, external quantum efficiencies of up to 28.9%, which are close to commercialization, have been reported. Professor Lee Bo-Ram said, “We expect that the results of this paper will serve as a reference for industry and academia to discover the greater potential of perovskite for photoelectronic devices.” As for the research, it was carried out with support from the Ministry of science and ICT (MSIT) and the National research foundation's BrainLink project, nano and material technology development program, young researcher program, mid-career researcher program, and the key research institutes for universities support project.△ The research team. (from top left) prof. Lee Bo-Ram, dr. Xinyu Shen, prof. Kang Kee-Hoon, (from bottom left) prof. Samuele D. Stranks, prof. Henry J. Snaith, and prof. Richard H. Friend.
대외협력과 (2023-03-23)조회수 252A research team led by Prof. Jung Sung-Chul at PKNU identified the mechanism of ion diffusion in solid-state batteries- ion conduction at a commercially available level confirmed... published in the international journal of the Royal society of chemistry According to Pukyong National University, professor Jung Sung-Chul (dept. of physics) and his research team succeeded in identifying the mechanism of ion diffusion in solid electrolytes, a key element of solid-state batteries. Lithium-ion batteries currently used in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles use a flammable liquid electrolyte, which may cause ignition or explosion. Solid-state batteries are attracting attention as next-generation batteries because they use non-flammable solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes to significantly improve the safety and energy density of batteries, however, the ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte is still not up to the level of the liquid electrolyte (more than 1 mS/cm), making it difficult to commercialize the product. Professor Jung and a combined master’s and doctoral student Jeon Tae-Gon identified the lithium-ion diffusion process of 'Li3Y(Br3Cl3)', a halide solid electrolytes that has recently attracted attention due to its high stability against oxidation and high ionic conductivity, at the atomic level through first-principles molecular dynamics simulation. The research team of professor Jung suggested that the ionic conductivity of the most thermodynamically stable Li3Y (Br3Cl3) structure can reach up to 22.3 mS/cm. It was also confirmed that at this conductivity, the diffusion of lithium ions proceeds through concerted diffusion, in which two ions move simultaneously, rather than a single ion. Professor Jung said, “The concerted diffusion mechanism is completely different from vacancy diffusion, which is known as the diffusion method of lithium in many solid electrolyte materials so far, suggesting that we should also consider concerted diffusion as one of the diffusion mechanisms of lithium in future studies.” The research team also confirmed that the conductivity of Li3Y (Br3Cl3) is 1.4 to 7.4 times higher than that of other halide solid electrolytes, Li3YCl6 and Li3YBr6, accordingly, they suggested that a halide solid electrolyte with more improved ionic conductivity could be developed through appropriate mixing of halide anions. The research, conducted by professor Jung’s research team with support from the Ministry of science and ICT (mid-level research), was published online on February 1st in an authoritative international journal
PKNU and Hanyang university joint research team developed advanced materials that can implement solar cells and LED simultaneously A joint research team from Pukyong National University and Hanyang university has developed a high-tech single material that can realize next-generation solar cells and light emitting diodes (LED) at the same time. A research team led by professor Lee Bo-Ram from the department of physics at Pukyong National University and professor Choi Hyo-Seong and phd candidates Song Ho-Chan and Jeong Woo-Hyeon from the department of chemistry at Hanyang university developed ‘Perovskite nanocrystals-based ink' and published the research results in
Received attention for suggesting a completely new doping method that enhances the performance of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteriesprofessor Oh Pil-GunA new doping method that can improve the performance of the cathode material of the next-generation secondary battery, lithium-ion battery, has been proposed and is attracting attention from the academic world. Pukyong National University announced that research on the new ion substitution method to enhance electrochemical reversibility of Co-rich layered materials for Li-ion Batteries, conducted jointly by professor Oh Pil-Gun and research professor Choi Jae-Hong from the department of nanotechnology engineering and professor Jo Jae-Pil from UNIST, was recently published in the internationally renowned journal
The ways teen-smokers get their cigarettes, ‘ttulgab, daelgu, angbari’Professor team of Her Won-Bin and Oh Young-Sam In a reality where it is illegal for teenagers to buy cigarettes, it was found that smoking teenagers purchase cigarettes through the processes of ‘ttulgab’, ’daelgu’ and ‘angbari’. This is the result of a research study by a team led by professor Her Won-Bin and Oh Young-Sam from the department of social welfare at Pukyong National University, in a paper titled ‘how do adolescent smokers evade cigarette sales restrictions: Focusing on how they purchase and acquire cigarettes’. This paper, published in the latest issue of
Replacing the cathode of waste batteries as a catalyst to improve the performance of next-generation secondary batteriesProfessor Ko Min-SeongAs interest in the use of waste batteries is growing, interesting research results have been presented that the cathode materials of waste batteries can be recycled as catalysts for next-generation secondary batteries. A research team led by professor Ko Min-Seong from Pukyong National University (metallurgical engineering) announced that they have succeeded in improving the high-speed charging and discharging characteristics of vanadium redox-flow batteries, which are attracting attention as a next-generation large-capacity energy storage device because there is no fire risk, by using the cathode material of the waste lithium-ion battery. The electrode of a vanadium redox flow battery is where the reaction takes place and plays an important role in battery performance. Carbon material is mainly used for the electrode, but there is a problem in that the performance of the battery during charging and discharging is deteriorated due to the low reversibility (the property of changing to a certain state and returning to the original state). To solve this problem and improve the battery performance, a catalyst that usually increases the electrode reaction rate has to be applied, professor Ko Min-Seong's team used the cathode material of a spent lithium-ion battery as the catalyst. The research team paid attention to the fact that the electron structure of the cathode material of the waste lithium-ion battery was changed by repeated charging and discharging, and the number of oxygen vacancies increased. In the case of the electrode to which the catalyst was not applied in the evaluation of the full cell, the capacity decreased rapidly after 281 high-speed charging and discharging due to high resistance. On the other hand, in the case of a catalyst applied electrode, the characteristics of the cathode material of the spent lithium-ion battery greatly reduce the resistance when the redox reaction of the reactants occurs, enabling high-speed charging and discharging more than 1,000 times. Professor Ko Min-Seong's research team conducted joint research with Dr. Jang Hae-Seong from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) in the US, and reported to academia on a vanadium redox-flow battery with high reversibility and improved fast charging and discharging characteristics by applying the cathode material of a waste lithium-ion battery as a catalyst for a carbon electrode. He said, “This research is expected to contribute to the development of a vanadium redox-flow battery capable of high-speed charging and discharging, as well as a catalyst design using the cathode material of a waste lithium-ion battery. In the current situation where the amount of waste lithium-ion battery generation is expected to increase rapidly, recycling as a catalyst has been suggested as a novel alternative, so we can expect the effect of resource circulation.” His research was supported by the National research foundation of Korea, and was selected as a ‘hot paper' in 2022 in recognition of its excellence in research in
“Calculate the appropriate quarantine period for the corona infected person based on the rapid antigen test result”Professor Kim Gwang-Soo While the discussion on the quarantine period for a person infected with COVID-19 continues, a study result from Pukyong National University that can calculate the quarantine period that can minimize the burden on the infected and the risk of infection is attracting academia attention. In Korea and other countries, people infected with COVID-19 are usually isolated for a certain period (5 to 10 days) after being confirmed, and individual may lose their infectivity before the quarantine period, or vice versa, remain infective. Therefore, criteria for determining an appropriate quarantine period have been required. Professor Kim Gwang-Soo (department of scientific computing) from Pukyong National University conducted a joint study with researchers Jeong Yong-Dam (ph.d. program in the department of mathematics), professor Jeong Yil-Hyo (department of mathematics) from Pusan national university, and researchers at Nagoya university in Japan and Indiana university in the US. The results of a study on the design of quarantine guidelines for COVID-19 infected people using the rapid antigen test results were presented. Professor Kim said, “It is possible to reduce the burden on the infected person while reducing the risk of infection if the quarantine termination conditions are well designed using the antigen test results to determine the quarantine period,” suggesting rather than isolating the infected for a fixed period, isolating them until the viral load falls below a threshold is suggested to reduce the burden on the infected. The joint research team conducted antigen testing under various conditions, such as testing interval and number of negative confirmations through computer simulation and calculated the risk of an infected person holding infectivity at the end of the quarantine and the duration of quarantine even after losing infectivity. According to the study, both risk and burden can be reduced by designing quarantine termination conditions based on the antigen test detection limit. If the threshold of antigen detection is higher than that of infectivity under the same level of risk control, multiple negative tests are required, conversely, if it is below the infectivity threshold, the quarantine period can be shortened by reducing the number of confirmations. Professor Kim Gwang-Soo of Pukyong National University recently published the paper ‘Designing isolation guidelines for COVID-19 patients with rapid antigen tests’ containing the results of this study as a co-first author in the international academic journal
“The arctic temperature rises may affect the jet stream pattern.”Professor Moon Woo-SeokRecently, as concerns about abnormal climates are growing around the world, a research result showing that the increase in temperature in the arctic affects the fluctuations of the jetstream is attracting academia attention. Professor Moon Woo-Seok’s team at Pukyong National University (Environmental atmospheric sciences) conducted joint research with professor John Wettlaufer from Yale university, USA, and published a paper ‘Wavier jet streams driven by zonally asymmetric surface thermal forcing' containing the research results recently and announced that it was published in (Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United states), a world-renowned academic journal. With the arctic warming four times faster than the global average, there has been growing interest in recent years about how the rapid rise in temperature in the arctic is related to the occurrence of abnormal climates. Until now, controversy has continued, with the hypothesis that the mid-latitude jet stream may be shaken due to an increase in the Arctic temperature, and opposing studies suggesting that the role of the Arctic in the change of the mid-latitude jet stream may be limited. However, both claims lacked theoretical or experimental evidence. In this study, prof. Moon's research team conducted computer experiments such as theoretical research and numerical simulations to present a theoretical basis for the first time in the academia. Through the study, the research team proved that the intensity of the jet stream weakens as the arctic temperature rises, and that when the intensity falls below a certain value, large-scale wave phenomena that connect to the upper atmosphere can occur rather than a reaction limited to the surface of the earth. The research team suggests that as the average velocity of the jet stream falls, the wave of the jet stream can become stronger as well. Prof. Moon said, “The study clarifies that temperature changes in the Arctic are an important factor that can increase extreme weather events not only in the region but also globally, especially in the mid-latitudes where we live,” and he added, “Especially, it is necessary to simultaneously study changes in the Arctic in order to find out the extent of climate change in Korea located in the middle of the mid-latitudes and the severity of meteorological disasters. I also think that the role of the Polar Research Institute, which visits the polar regions every year to study the climate conditions of the Arctic, should be further strengthened.”△ An image showing an increase in the arctic temperature and fluctuations in the jet stream.
대외협력과 (2022-10-05)조회수 564Academia pays attention to research related to driving IoT sensors with discarded micromagnetic fieldsProfessor Hwang Gun-Tae A new technology that produces electric energy that can drive Internet of Things (IoT) sensors using a discarded micro-magnetic field is drawing attention from academia. Professor Hwang Gun-Tae (major of materials engineering) research team from Pukyong National University (President Jang Young-Soo) announced on September 1 that in collaboration with dr. Jang Jong-Moon's team at the Korea institute of materials science, professor Lee Sam-Nyeong's team from Korea maritime and ocean university, and professor Ryu Jeong-Ho's team from Yeungnam university, they have developed a 'magnetic field-driven hybrid energy harvesting device' with the highest output that can drive multi-functional IoT sensors. IoT, which has emerged as the core technology of the 4th industry, combines multi-function sensors and wireless communication functions, and can be utilized in society and industries, such as unmanned monitoring and early warning of national infrastructure. However, it is more important to ensure that electric energy can be smoothly supplied to the IoT sensor. It is inefficient to replace the batteries of many IoT sensors one by one, and it is difficult to periodically replace the batteries of IoT sensors installed in inaccessible places. In order to use the IoT sensor as an energy source, the magnetic field energy harvesting system, which collects micro-electric fields that are inevitably generated from power lines everywhere around us and converts them into energy, is a new and renewable energy technology that has been actively studied until recently. The previously developed magnetic field energy harvesting technology had a problem that real-time operation of multi-functional IoT sensors consuming tens of mW was impossible because the energy generation output was very low at the level of several milliwatts (mW). The hybrid magnetic field energy harvesting device developed by Professor Hwang Gun-Tae's team at Pukyong National University succeeded in outputting energy of up to 60 mW, which is about 10 times higher than that of the previous one. This research team succeeded in continuously driving a multifunctional IoT sensor that detects humidity, temperature, ultraviolet rays, light quantity, organic compounds, carbon dioxide, pressure, noise, and magnetic field in real time by applying this device. The research team discovered a new mechanical resonance mode while applying a hybrid method that simultaneously applies the piezoelectric effect and electromagnetic induction effect for the first time in the world. They introduced the new technology they discovered into a hybrid magnetic field energy harvesting device, and succeeded in dramatically increasing the energy generation output by controlling the oxygen vacancy concentration of Pb materials (Mg1/3Nb2/3) O3-Pb (Zr, Ti) O3(PMN-PZT) used to generate the piezo-electric effect. The study was supported by the National research foundation and the Korea institute of materials science, and the results of this study were recently published as a cover paper in
'Reliable' cigarette pack warnings reduce smoking among teenagers Professor Her Won-Bin and Oh Young-Sam A study found that the degree to which teenage smokers trust the warning images and text on cigarette packs have effects on the reduction in smoking rates. Professor Her Won-Bin and Oh Young-Sam from the department of social welfare at Pukyong National University, who are experts in addiction and social welfare, published a paper 'Examining the mediating effect of believability on the relationship between social influences and smoking behavior for smoking cessation among Korean youths' in the
Contrarian research for 'securing additional capacity with explosive hazardous material in secondary batteries'Professor Ko Min-SeongContrarian research that can secure additional battery capacity by using a material known as the main cause of fire or explosion of secondary batteries is attracting attention. Pukyong National University announced that in case of overcharging exceeding the capacity of the graphite anode by leading the growth of defective carbon-nanotubes in the graphite anode, Prof. Ko Min-Seong (dept. of metallurgical engineering)'s team conducted research to effectively control the lithium formed on the graphite surface and utilize this as a battery capacity. In addition to the disadvantage that the graphite anode material of the secondary battery has a low capacity, the formation of dendrite lithium on the graphite surface has been raised as a problem when overcharged or non-uniformly charged continuously. It is known that dendrite lithium causes deterioration of battery performance because of its low reversibility, and is known to be a major cause of deterioration of battery safety due to the risk of fire or explosion due to electric short circuit when continuously growing. Professor Ko Min-Seong's research team conducted joint research with Dr. Sung Jae-Kyung from the Massachusetts institute of technology (MIT) and Dr. Kim Nam-Hyung from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to find a way to overcome the capacity limit of graphite anode materials with dendrite lithium, which threatens the stability of the battery. Their research turned flaws into strengths. The research team promoted the growth of carbon nanotubes with structural defects on the graphite surface by using a chemical vapor deposition process using a nickel catalyst and hydrocarbon gas. When this material was applied to the negative electrode, the research team confirmed that the lithium deposition was uniformly induced as the resistance of the electrode caused by the electrodeposition of lithium was alleviated. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the uniform lithium layer induced in this way showed high reversibility and operated with additional battery capacity. When driving a full cell in which the capacity of the positive electrode was designed to be larger than that of the negative electrode, the reversible capacity could be used even after 300 cycles. Professor Ko said, "I expect that defective carbon nanotubes can effectively control dendrite lithium to solve the battery stability problem, thereby reducing the unnecessary use of negative electrodes in electrode design, and at the same time improving battery energy density by using additional lithium." The research was supported by the Korea evaluation institute of industrial technology (KEIT) and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), and was recently published in