커뮤니티

 

부경투데이

  • 국립 부경대학교의 다양한 모습과 소식을 접하시면 부경대학교가 한번 더 가까워집니다.
작성자,작성일,첨부파일,조회수로 작성된 표
폐부표에서 플라스틱 생물전환 미생물 찾아(Plastic-Biotransforming Microorganisms Discovered from Styrofoam Buoy Debris on the Busan Coast)
작성자 대외홍보센터 작성일 2026-07-10
조회수 641
작성자,작성일,첨부파일,조회수로 작성된 표
폐부표에서 플라스틱 생물전환 미생물 찾아(Plastic-Biotransforming Microorganisms Discovered from Styrofoam Buoy Debris on the Busan Coast)
대외홍보센터 2026-07-10 641

해안 스티로폼 부표 폐기물에서 플라스틱 생물전환 미생물 찾았다
- 국립부경대 김종훈 교수팀, EPS 부표 폐기물 유래 미생물의 폴리스타이렌 산화성 생물전환 현상 규명
- 환경화학·생태독성 국제학술지 ‘Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology’ 게재

△ 연구내용 이미지.

 

국립부경대학교 생물공학과 김종훈 교수, 서범석 석사과정생 연구팀이 부산 해안에 버려진 스티로폼 부표 폐기물에서 폴리스타이렌(PS) 플라스틱의 생물전환(Bioconversion)에 관여할 수 있는 미생물을 분리하고, 그 작용 특성을 규명했다.

생물전환이란 미생물이나 효소를 이용해 기존 소재나 원료를 원하는 유용 물질로 바꾸는 기술을 말한다.

연구팀은 부산 해안에서 수거한 풍화 발포폴리스타이렌(EPS) 부표 폐기물 표면에 서식하는 미생물을 탐색해 Paenibacillus속 균주 3종(BS8-1, BS8-2, BS11)을 분리했다. EPS는 양식용 부표와 포장재 등에 널리 쓰이지만, 해양 환경에 버려지면 쉽게 파편화돼 미세플라스틱 발생원으로 작용할 수 있다.

연구팀은 이번 연구에서 분리 균주를 폴리스타이렌 필름과 30일 동안 배양한 뒤 주사전자현미경(SEM), 에너지분산형 X선분석(EDS), 물 접촉각, 열분석, 적외선분광분석(ATR-FTIR), 핵자기공명분석(¹H NMR), GC-MS, 전장유전체 및 전사체 분석 등을 종합적으로 수행했다.

연구 결과 세 균주 모두 PS 필름에 부착해 생물막과 유사한 구조를 형성했으며, 세척 후에도 거칠어짐, 패임, 침식 흔적 등이 관찰됐다. 특히 BS8-2 균주는 가장 뚜렷한 변화와 겉보기 질량의 감소를 나타냈다. 또한 균주 처리 후 PS 필름의 물 접촉각이 낮아지고, 산소 관련 신호와 산화 관련 화학적 변화가 증가해 플라스틱의 친수성과 산화성이 높아진 것으로 확인됐다.

연구팀은 전장유전체와 전사체 분석을 통해 BS8-2 균주가 산화환원 반응, 방향족 화합물 처리, 물질 수송, 세포 적응과 관련된 기능을 보유하고 있음을 확인했다. 이는 해양 플라스틱에 형성되는 미생물 군집인 ‘플라스티스피어(plastisphere)’가 플라스틱의 환경 중 변화 과정에 능동적으로 관여할 수 있다는 의미다.

이번 연구는 해안 EPS 부표 폐기물의 미생물이 폴리스타이렌의 산화성 생물전환과 부분적 화학 변화를 유도할 수 있음을 다각도의 분석으로 제시했다는 점에서 의미가 크다. 특히 해양 플라스틱이 단순히 물리적으로 잘게 부서지는 물질이 아니라, 미생물과의 상호작용을 통해 화학적으로도 변화할 수 있음을 보여준 연구로 평가된다.

 


△ 김종훈 교수(왼쪽)와 서범석 석사과정생

김종훈 교수는 “이번 연구는 해안 EPS 부표 폐기물이 미세플라스틱의 발생원일 뿐만 아니라, 미생물과 플라스틱 반응이 일어나는 생물학적 계면이 될 수 있음을 보여준 사례”라며, “향후 플라스틱 변환 산물의 기원, 환경 중 거동, 생태독성까지 추적함으로써 해양 플라스틱 오염의 위해성 평가와 관리 기술 개발에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다”고 밝혔다.

환경부 산하 국립생물자원관의 지원을 받아 수행된 이번 연구 성과는 ‘Oxidative surface biodeterioration of polystyrene by plastisphere-derived Paenibacillus strains from weathered EPS buoy debris’라는 제목으로 환경화학 및 생태독성 분야 국제학술지 ‘Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology’에 게재됐다. 이 학술지는 임팩트 팩터(IF) 12.3, JCR 기준 Toxicology 분야 상위 2.4%, Environmental Sciences 분야 상위 4.4%의 저명 국제학술지다. <부경투데이>

 

Pukyong National University research team identifies oxidative biotransformation of polystyrene by EPS buoy debris-derived microorganisms

- Three Paenibacillus strains isolated from EPS buoy debris collected from the Busan coast

- Oxidation, increased wettability, and structural changes in polystyrene confirmed through multi-analytical approaches

- Study published in the international journal Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

 

A research team led by Professor Jong-Hoon Kim of the Department of Biotechnology at Pukyong National University has isolated microorganisms from discarded styrofoam buoy debris collected along the Busan coast and identified their potential role in the biotransformation of polystyrene plastics.

 

The research team investigated microorganisms inhabiting the surface of weathered expanded polystyrene (EPS) buoy debris collected from the Busan coast and isolated three Paenibacillusstrains, designated BS8-1, BS8-2, and BS11. EPS is widely used in aquaculture buoys and packaging materials due to its light weight and buoyancy, but once released into the marine environment, it can easily fragment and become a major source of microplastics.

 

In this study, the isolated strains were incubated with polystyrene (PS) films for 30 days. The resulting changes were comprehensively analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), water contact angle analysis, thermal analysis, attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), whole-genome sequencing, and transcriptomic profiling.

 

The results showed that all three strains attached to PS films and formed biofilm-like structures. Even after washing, the treated films exhibited surface roughening, pitting, and erosion-like features. Among the three strains, BS8-2 showed the most pronounced changes, including the highest apparent mass loss. In addition, the water contact angle of the PS films decreased after bacterial treatment, while oxygen-associated signals and oxidation-related chemical changes increased, indicating that the plastic surface became more hydrophilic and oxidized.

 

Through whole-genome and transcriptome analyses, the team further confirmed that strain BS8-2 possesses functional traits associated with redox reactions, aromatic-compound processing, transport systems, and cellular adaptation. These findings suggest that the plastisphere, the microbial community formed on marine plastic surfaces, may actively participate in the environmental transformation of plastic materials.

 

Rather than claiming complete degradation or mineralization of plastic, this study provides multi-layered evidence that microorganisms inhabiting coastal EPS buoy debris can induce oxidative biotransformation and partial chemical modification of polystyrene. The findings are significant because they show that marine plastics are not only physically fragmented in the environment, but may also undergo chemical changes through interactions with microorganisms.

 

Professor Jong-Hoon Kim said, “This study shows that coastal EPS buoy debris can serve not only as a source of microplastics, but also as a biological interface where microorganisms and plastic materials interact. By further tracing the origin, environmental fate, and ecotoxicity of plastic transformation products, this research is expected to contribute to risk assessment and management strategies for marine plastic pollution.”

 

The study was published in the international journal Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicologyunder the title “Oxidative surface biodeterioration of polystyrene by plastisphere-derived Paenibacillusstrains from weathered EPS buoy debris.” The journal has an Impact Factor of 12.3and ranks in the top 2.4% in Toxicologyand top 4.4% in Environmental Sciencesaccording to JCR. This work was supported by the National Institute of Biological Resources under the Ministry of Environment. <Pukyong Today>