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빛으로 미세조류 성장 조절한다(Controlling Microalgal Growth with Light)
작성자 대외홍보센터 작성일 2026-07-03
조회수 615
작성자,작성일,첨부파일,조회수로 작성된 표
빛으로 미세조류 성장 조절한다(Controlling Microalgal Growth with Light)
대외홍보센터 2026-07-03 615

빛으로 미세조류 기능성 소재 생산 높이는 기술 개발
- 국립부경대-한국생명공학연구원 공동연구팀, 적색광 조건에서 미세조류 세포 생산성과 후코잔틴·오메가-3 지방산 생산 동시 향상 확인
- 이미지 기반 단일세포 분석기술 접목해 차세대 미세조류 배양 최적화 플랫폼 제시

△ 신현호 교수. ⓒ사진 서형석(대외홍보센터)

 

국립부경대학교 신현호 교수(수산생명과학부 양식응용생명과학전공) 연구팀과 한국생명공학연구원(KRIBB) 이준 박사 연구팀이 미세조류의 성장과 기능성 소재 생산을 동시에 향상시킬 수 있는 새로운 광 배양 기술을 개발했다.

공동연구팀은 해양 미세조류 Tisochrysis lutea(티소크리시스 루테아)를 대상으로 백색광, 적색광, 청색광과 식물호르몬을 조합한 배양 실험을 수행하고, 성장 특성, 광합성 능력, 후코잔틴(fucoxanthin), 지방산 생산 및 세포 집단 구조를 종합적으로 분석했다. 연구 결과 빛의 파장이 미세조류의 성장뿐 아니라 세포 집단의 형태와 기능성 대사산물 생산까지 조절하는 핵심 환경요인임을 확인했다.

연구팀은 적색광에서 배양한 미세조류가 백색광보다 약 1.5배, 청색광보다 약 1.4배 높은 세포 생산성을 나타냈으며, 항산화 기능성 색소인 후코잔틴은 최대 1.62%, 총 지방산은 최대 14.6%까지 증가하는 것을 확인했다. 특히 건강기능식품과 고품질 수산사료의 핵심 원료인 DHA를 포함한 오메가-3 지방산도 적색광 조건에서 가장 높은 생산성을 보였다.

후코잔틴은 항산화, 항염증, 항비만 등 다양한 생리활성으로 주목받고 있는 천연 카로티노이드이며, DHA를 비롯한 오메가-3 지방산은 건강기능식품과 양식산업에서 활용도가 높은 고부가가치 바이오소재다. 이번 연구는 하나의 배양 조건에서 이들 기능성 소재를 동시에 효율적으로 생산할 수 있는 전략을 제시했다.

공동 연구팀은 기존의 생체량이나 색소 함량 분석에 그치지 않고 이미지 기반 단일세포 분석(Image-based Single-cell Cytometry) 기술을 적용해 배양 중 세포의 형태와 집단 구조 변화를 실시간으로 분석했다. 그 결과 적색광에서는 세포 응집이 크게 감소하고 전체 세포의 약 97% 이상이 균일한 단일세포 상태를 유지하는 것으로 확인됐다. 이는 기능성 소재 생산성 향상뿐 아니라 향후 대량 배양과 수확 공정의 효율성까지 높일 수 있는 새로운 평가기술로 주목받는다.

또한 연구팀은 식물호르몬이 미세조류의 성장과 대사에 일부 영향을 미치지만, 전체적인 생산성과 세포 특성은 빛의 파장이 결정하는 것으로 확인했다. 이는 미세조류의 기능성 물질 생산을 제어하기 위해서는 광환경을 우선으로 최적화하는 것이 가장 효과적인 전략임을 보여준다.

신현호 교수는 “이번 연구는 빛의 파장이 미세조류의 성장뿐 아니라 세포 집단 구조와 기능성 소재 생산까지 동시에 조절할 수 있음을 보여준 연구”라며, “이미지 기반 단일세포 분석기술을 접목해 미세조류 배양 상태를 정밀하게 평가할 수 있는 새로운 플랫폼을 제시했다는 점에서 의미가 있다”고 말했다.

한편, 이번 연구 결과는 바이오매스 및 바이오공정 분야 세계적 권위의 국제학술지 ‘Bioresource Technology’ (JCR 랭킹 상위 3%, IF 9)에 ‘Light spectra shape population structure and the allocation of fucoxanthin and fatty acids with secondary phytohormone modulation in Tisochrysis lutea’라는 제목으로 게재됐다. <부경투데이>

 

Technology Developed to Boost the Production of Functional Microalgal Materials Using Light

― Pukyong National University-Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Joint Research Team Confirms Simultaneous Increases in Microalgal Cell Productivity and the Production of Fucoxanthin and Omega-3 Fatty Acids under Red-Light Conditions

― Next-Generation Platform for Optimizing Microalgae Cultivation Proposed through Image-Based Single-Cell Analysis

 

A research team led by Professor Hyun-Ho Shin of the Major of Aquaculture and Applied Life Sciences in the Division of Fisheries Life Sciences at Pukyong National University, together with a team led by Dr. Jun Lee of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), has developed a new light-based cultivation technology capable of simultaneously enhancing microalgal growth and the production of functional materials.

 

The joint research team conducted cultivation experiments using the marine microalga Tisochrysis lutea, combining white, red, and blue light with plant hormones. The researchers comprehensively analyzed growth characteristics, photosynthetic capacity, fucoxanthin and fatty acid production, and cellular population structure. The findings confirmed that light wavelength is a key environmental factor that regulates not only microalgal growth, but also the morphology of cell populations and the production of functional metabolites.

 

The research team found that microalgae cultivated under red light exhibited approximately 1.5 times higher cell productivity than those grown under white light and approximately 1.4 times higher productivity than those grown under blue light. Under red-light conditions, the production of fucoxanthin, an antioxidant functional pigment, increased by up to 1.62%, while total fatty acid production rose by up to 14.6%. In particular, omega-3 fatty acids―including DHA, a key ingredient in health functional foods and high-quality aquaculture feed―showed the highest productivity under red-light conditions.

 

Fucoxanthin is a natural carotenoid that has attracted attention for its various bioactive properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. Omega-3 fatty acids such as DHA are also high-value biomaterials widely used in health functional foods and the aquaculture industry. This study presents a strategy for efficiently producing these functional materials simultaneously under a single set of cultivation conditions.

 

Going beyond conventional analyses limited to biomass or pigment content, the joint research team applied image-based single-cell cytometry to analyze real-time changes in cell morphology and population structure during cultivation. The results showed that cell aggregation decreased substantially under red light, with more than approximately 97% of the total cells maintaining a uniform single-cell state. This approach is attracting attention as a new evaluation technology that could improve not only the productivity of functional materials, but also the efficiency of future large-scale cultivation and harvesting processes.

 

The research team also confirmed that although plant hormones had some effects on microalgal growth and metabolism, overall productivity and cellular characteristics were primarily determined by light wavelength. These findings indicate that prioritizing the optimization of the light environment is the most effective strategy for controlling the production of functional substances in microalgae.

 

Professor Hyun-Ho Shin said, “This study demonstrates that light wavelength can simultaneously regulate not only microalgal growth, but also cell population structure and the production of functional materials. It is particularly meaningful in that it presents a new platform for precisely evaluating microalgal cultivation conditions by incorporating image-based single-cell analysis.”

 

The findings were published in Bioresource Technology, a leading international journal in the fields of biomass and bioprocessing ranked in the top 3% by JCR with an impact factor of 9, under the title “Light Spectra Shape Population Structure and the Allocation of Fucoxanthin and Fatty Acids with Secondary Phytohormone Modulation in Tisochrysis lutea.”